Ankle sprain is a common injury that occurs when the ligaments in the ankle are stretched or torn. The symptoms can range from mild discomfort to severe pain that can limit your ability to move.

Pain: This is often the first symptom of an ankle sprain. The pain may be constant or it may come and go, and it is usually worse with activity.
Swelling: This is caused by inflammation in the joint. It can make the joint feel warm to the touch and can restrict the joint's range of motion.
Tenderness: The area around your ankle may be tender to touch. This can extend to the neck and upper arm in some cases.
Bruising: You may notice bruising around the affected area.

The causes of an ankle sprain are multifactorial. They include:

Falling or tripping: This is one of the most common causes of an ankle sprain.
Twisting the ankle: An awkward twist can lead to an ankle sprain.
Sports injuries: Ankle sprains are common in sports that require jumping, running, and turning quickly.
Walking or running on uneven surfaces: This can cause the foot to twist and lead to an ankle sprain.

Treatment for an ankle sprain aims to control pain, minimize joint damage, and improve or maintain function and quality of life. The treatment plan will depend on the severity of your ankle sprain.

Rest: Resting your ankle can help to reduce inflammation and speed up recovery. However, it's important not to rest too much as this can lead to stiffness and weakness.
Ice: Applying ice to the injured ankle for 20 minutes at a time, several times a day can help reduce swelling.
Compression: Wrapping the injured ankle with an elastic bandage can help reduce swelling.
Elevation: Keeping the injured ankle elevated above the level of your heart can help reduce swelling.
Medication: Over-the-counter pain relievers and anti-inflammatory medications can help to reduce pain and swelling. In some cases, prescription medications may be necessary.
Physical therapy: A physical therapist can teach you exercises to help improve flexibility and strength, and to reduce pain.
Range of motion exercises: These exercises are simple motions you can do up to 5 times per day that can help you maintain your range of motion and flexibility in your ankle.
Stretching exercises: These exercises help keep your Achilles tendon (heel cord) flexible while your ankle heals.
Strengthening exercises: These exercises can help to reduce pain and improve joint function. Specific exercises can include strengthening of the ankle muscles, stretching and mobility exercises, and core stabilisation exercises.
Balance and control exercises: These exercises can help you regain control over your ankle and prevent future sprains.

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Ankle Sprain