1. Poor posture: Poor sitting and lying posture and a sedentary lifestyle are the common causes of back muscle pain and weakness.
2. Muscle strain: Overusing muscles can cause muscle strain, muscle tightening, muscle pain, irritation. in some movements, etc. Throwing movement, lifting something in poor posture with a loose body, and any movement in which the upper back muscles are twisted.
3. Traumatic Injuries: A fractured vertebra may cause many complications, including chronic pain, nerve damage, and paralysis.
4. Herniated Disc: Disc problems may cause pain, numbness, or weakness in the arms or legs.
5. Pinched nerves: The disc bulge may be severe and can cause numbness and pain. weakness or loss of control, It may also cause problems controlling urine, or it may be mild and cause pain only in a nearby area.
6. Arthritis: with increasing age, the risk of arthritis increases due to joint degeneration. The cartilage that cushions and protects the bones undergoes wear and tear.
7. Scoliosis: abnormal sideways. curvature of the spine; this curvature puts pressure on the nerves and causes pain.
8. Myofascial pain: Sometimes, after overuse or injury to a muscle, the reason for pain may be the connective tissue in the back called the fascia.
9. Fibromyalgia: is a chronic condition that can cause pain in any part of the body. Which may be throbbing, aching, or burning.

The aim is to reduce pain, improve or maintain posture, and improve the quality of life. it involves. 

1. Medications: These can’t cure the disease; but provide immediate pain relief.
2. Physiotherapy Management: Physiotherapy for back pain provides you with long-lasting pain relief with no side effects. The process of rehabilitation includes stress reduction in involved muscle group and posture correction.
3. Lifestyle Changes: This includes following a healthy, balanced diet, regular exercise, and maintaining a good BMI.